How to read a health insurance denial letter
Denial letters are written to be short. These are the parts that matter for an appeal.
| Look for | Why it matters |
|---|---|
| Date on the notice, and date you received it | Deadlines are counted from receipt (employer plans, Marketplace) or from the notice date (some Medicare and Medicaid steps). Keep the envelope. |
| Reason for denial and any denial code | Non-grandfathered plans must include the denial code and its meaning, and must give diagnosis and treatment codes and meanings on request. |
| Rule, guideline or criteria used | The notice must include it or tell you how to get it. Your appeal should answer this directly. |
| How to appeal, where to send it, deadline | Follow the plan's steps. An appeal in the wrong place can cost time. |
| External review and help information | Notices for non-grandfathered plans must describe internal appeals, external review and consumer assistance. |
| Type of claim: urgent, before-care (pre-service) or after-care (post-service) | It sets how quickly the plan must decide: 72 hours, 30 days or 60 days for the appeal under the federal rules for group health plans. |
Denial or bill?
An explanation of benefits (EOB) is not a bill and not always a denial. If the EOB says a service was "denied" or "not covered," ask the provider's billing office whether a corrected claim is possible before you appeal. Many denials come from missing information or coding.
Next
Request a written explanation if your letter is vague, or start an appeal letter.
Sources
- U.S. Department of Labor (EBSA): Filing a Claim for Your Health or Disability Benefits, last verified 2026-10-17
- U.S. Department of Labor (EBSA): Filing a Claim for Your Health Benefits, last verified 2026-10-17
- HealthCare.gov: Internal appeals, last verified 2026-10-17
- CMS: Coverage Appeals Job Aid, last verified 2026-10-17
Page last reviewed October 17, 2026. Rules change; confirm with your notice, plan documents or the agency pages above.